Bacterial leaf streak is a major bacterial disease of wheat. Bacterial blight and bacterial leaf streak are serious, economically damaging, diseases of rice caused by the bacteria xanthomonas oryzae pv. Keywords triticum aestivum, bls bacterial leaf streak, gwas, resistance, snps, xanthomonas campestris, bacterial diseases, association mapping, winter wheat, qtls introduction wheat triticum aestivum l. A total of 811 rhizospheric bacteria were isolated and screened against 3 prevalent strains of blb pathogen xanthomonas oryzae pv. Difficidin and bacilysin from bacillus amyloliquefaciens. Diseases caused by bacterial, fungal, and viral pathogens constantly threaten the rice production. Wind and rain disseminate bacteria, monsoon season being the worst time for infection. Polygalacturonaseinhibiting proteins pgips have been shown to recognize fungal polygalacturonases pgs, which initiate innate immunity in various plant species. Bacterial leaf streak bls caused by xanthomonas campestris pv. Bacterial leaf streak is considered so important in some parts of the world to the extent that in china and the united states. However, few bactericidal chemicals are available for controlling both diseases. Pdf confirmation of bacterial leaf streak of rice caused by.
Risk of damages due to bacterial leaf streak is variable, but should not be overlooked because there is always a chance of an epidemic. Bacterial streak is an important disease of rice in asia, and no simply inherited sources of resistance have been identified in rice. It has been proved that xa5, a recessive bacterial blast resistance gene, is the most possible candidate gene of the qtl qblsr5a for bls resistance. Pdf mapping of qtls conferring resistance to bacterial leaf. Bacterial leaf streak bls caused by the gramnegative bacterial pathogen xanthomonas oryzae pv. Seedlings in the nursery show circular, yellow spots in the margin, that enlarge, coalesce leading to drying of foliage. Causing bacterial blight and bacterial leaf streak of rice june 4, 20 contents page executive summary 2 contributors 4 i. The disease is present in tropical asia, west africa and australia oeppeppo, 2006b. They are mainly caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi.
Hard winter wheat contributes 40% united states department of agriculture,2016 of the total wheat. Bacterial leaf streak bls, also known as black chaff, is a common bacterial disease of wheat. Symptoms of bacterial leaf streak may vary depending on cultivar. The present study was conducted to evaluate the potential of rice rhizosphere associated antagonistic bacteria for growth promotion and disease suppression of bacterial leaf blight blb. Bacterial leaf steak bls caused by xanthomonas oryzae pv. Bacteria move vertically and laterally along the veins and ooze out from the hydathodes, beading on the leaf surface. Aug, 2015 bacterial blight and bacterial leaf streak are serious, economically damaging, diseases of rice caused by the bacteria xanthomonas oryzae pv. Diagnosing bacterial leaf streak of rice plant management network. At this stage, the disease is very similar in appearance to bacterial leaf blight. Bacterial leaf streak, caused by xanthomonas vasicola pv. Nomenclature of the bacterial leaf streak pathogen of rice. Vera cruz diagnosing bacterial leaf streak of rice. The present study aimed to develop inocula, based on native antagonistic bacteria for biocontrol of blb and to increase the. Bacterial streak is an important disease of rice in asia, and no simply inherited sources of resistance have been identi.
Oct 25, 2005 bacterial streak is an important disease of rice in asia, and no simply inherited sources of resistance have been identified in rice. Planting a resistant variety is the simplest and, often, the most cost effective management for diseases. Bacterial leaf blight blb and bacterial leaf streak bls diseases respectively caused by xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae xoo and x. Mapping of qtls conferring resistance to bacterial leaf streak in rice article pdf available in theoretical and applied genetics 1011. Keep fields cleanremove weed hosts and plow under rice stubble, straw, rice. Seeds from a diseased crop when sown newt season, developed diseased seedlings under field as well as laboratory conditions. Pdf confirmation of bacterial leaf streak caused by. Studies on rice seed inspection of bacterial leaf streak of rice. Molecular characterization of bacterial leaf streak. Codeassisted discovery of tal effector targets in bacterial. Codeassisted discovery of tal effector targets in bacterial leaf streak of rice reveals contrast with bacterial blight and a novel susceptibility gene. In asia, bacterial leaf streak is a serious constraint to rice production, causing yield losses of 1020%, reaching 40 to 60% in severe cases 6. Last week the ipm survey scouts recorded bacterial leaf streak bls in a few wheat fields. Access into the plant can also occur through wounds and other openings.
Bacterial leaf blight and leaf streak are the two most damaging bacterial diseases of rice. Pecky rice kernel spotting damage by bacteria see also under fungal and miscellaneous diseases sheath brown rot pseudomonas. Research application summary bacterial leaf streak disease of rice. Bacterial cells are discharged on leaf surface at night 3.
The loss in yield is due to lower weight of the seed rather than lack of production. Here, we show that ospgip1 was strongly induced after. The researchers went ahead to confirm the disease as bacterial leaf streak. Symptoms are restricted to leaf blades and include thin, watersoaked interveinal streaks that eventually enlarge, turn brown and join. Evaluation of rice germplasm reveals sources of bacterial.
Ospgip1mediated resistance to bacterial leaf streak in rice is beyond responsive to the polygalacturonase of xanthomonas oryzae pv. Methods in molecular biology methods and protocols, vol 956. Studies were conducted on the perpetuation and host range of the rice leaf streak pathogen xanthomonas translucens f. Reclassification of the causal agents of bacterial blight. Bacterial leaf streak of rice oryza sativa, caused by xanthomonas oryzae pv. To prevent and effectively manage bacterial leaf streak. The antibacterial properties of two kinds of chitosan with different molecular weights and degrees of n. Osbglu19 and osbglu23 regulate disease resistance to. The primer sequences used in the experiment are shown in appendix a.
It is one of the most destructive diseases in rice. Bacterial leaf streak disease development and severity is favored by. On the basis of phenotypic, genotypic, and chemotaxonomic data, xanthomonas oryzae ex ishiyama 1922 sp. Field guide on major disorders of the rice plant in the philippines. Plant growth promotion and suppression of bacterial leaf. Concluding remarks physical mapping and mapbased cloning of xa5 and xa have led to the identification of candidate genes for recessive resistance. Sudden oak death and bacterial leaf streak bacterial leaf streak of rice bacterial leaf streak bls is a leaf disease of rice in asia, africa and australia. Pdf ospgip1mediated resistance to bacterial leaf streak in. Ospgip1mediated resistance to bacterial leaf streak in rice. Genetic and pathogenicity studies revealed african x. Pdf xanthomonas oryzae is one of the most important pathogens of rice oryza sativa ninoliu et al. Bacterial leaf streak is caused by xanthomonas oryzae pv.
Here, we show that ospgip1 was strongly induced after inoculating rice with. The disease had only been reported on corn previously in south africa, although the pathogen has. There is a need to use environmentally safe approaches to overcome the loss of grain yield in rice due to this disease. Additionally, i noticed bls showing up in one of my wheat trials on campus. Advanced symptoms of bacterial leaf streak showing orange appearance of streaks. Infected plants show browning and drying of leaves. Antibacterial activity of two chitosan solutions and their. Cosegregation of the lesion length with pcr positive selection for three ospgip1silenced rice lines, rnai7, rnai10 and rnai11, in the zh11 background.
Osbglu19 and osbglu23 regulate disease resistance to bacterial leaf streak in rice li beibei, liu yinggao, wu tao, wang jipeng, xie guirong, chu zhaohui, ding xinhua state key laboratory of crop biologyshandong provincial key laboratory for biology of vegetable diseases and insect pests, shandong agricultural university, taian. Inoculation and virulence assay for bacterial blight and. Bacterial leaf streak of rice xanthomonas oryzae pv. Bacterial leaf streak disease bls caused by xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzicola is one of the emergent biotic constraints to rice production in africa. Top ten invasive species of concern in arkansas uaex. During wet periods, yellowish bacterial ooze forms. Frontiers biocontrol of bacterial leaf blight of rice and. Pdf codeassisted discovery of tal effector targets in. Bacterial leaf streak of rice, caused by xanthomonas oryzae pv. Bacterial leaf streak is caused by the pathogen xanthomonas. Recessive bacterial leaf blight resistance in rice. Schematic representation of the strategy to identify candidate genes for recessive bacterial leaf blight disease resistance in rice. The resistance to bls in rice is a quantitatively inherited trait, of which the molecular mechanism is still unclear.
A maize resistance gene functions against bacterial streak. Focus on bacterial blight of rice bacterial blight of rice, caused by xanthomonas or pw. Pdf bacterial leaf streak bls caused by xanthomonas oryzae pv. High humidity, rain management use resistant varieties balanced fertilization reduce seedling damage maintain shallow water in nurseries. Notably, the connection between rice ospgips and pgs in xanthomonas oryzae pv. Based on reported cases, yield loss caused by bacterial leaf streak can range from 8. Bls is one of the most devastating 57 quarantine diseases ninoliu et al.
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